Choosing PGT starts with identifying the genetic question, not comparing package prices. You will be able to judge whether PGT fits your history, understand the biopsy-to-transfer process, interpret the result categories and compare Mumbai clinics on laboratory quality, timelines, safety and total cost.
Key takeaways
- Match PGT-A, PGT-M or PGT-SR to your diagnosis and family history.
- Request genetic counselling before IVF and confirm how embryos are biopsied and frozen.
- Check the fertility centre, genetics laboratory, sample tracking and reporting process.
- Compare complete costs, usable embryo numbers and clearly defined outcome data.
Which type of PGT fits your medical history?
Your medical history determines whether PGT-A, PGT-M or PGT-SR is relevant; routine PGT-A is not a universal solution for every IVF patient.
| Test | What it checks | Who should discuss it |
|---|---|---|
| PGT-A | An abnormal number of whole chromosomes, called aneuploidy | People considering age-related risk, repeated pregnancy loss, repeated IVF implantation failure or other concerns identified in counselling |
| PGT-M | A known single-gene disorder, such as a documented inherited mutation | Couples with a specific family condition; case-specific testing usually uses DNA from the affected relative, both intended parents and sometimes other relatives |
| PGT-SR | Unbalanced chromosome content caused by a parental structural rearrangement, such as a translocation | Couples in which one partner has a balanced translocation or another identified rearrangement |
A fertility specialist and genetic counsellor should connect the test to your clinical history. PGT-M preparation can take weeks or months, so plan it before ovarian stimulation rather than accepting an instant generic test.
PGT can add little when too few embryos exist for biopsy, no relevant condition has been identified, or the result would not change your treatment decision.
In PGT in Mumbai or elsewhere, remember that preimplantation genetic testing in Mumbai examines embryos before transfer. NIPT is screening during pregnancy, while chorionic villus sampling and amniocentesis are diagnostic procedures during pregnancy.
PGT does not guarantee implantation, a live birth or an unaffected baby; it does not test for every genetic condition, birth defect or later-onset disease. Discuss confirmatory prenatal testing after a PGT pregnancy.
What happens from genetic counselling to frozen embryo transfer?
Genetic counselling starts the pathway: you review family history and choose PGT-A, PGT-M or PGT-SR. IVF is required even without an infertility diagnosis. Ovarian stimulation and egg retrieval are followed by fertilisation, embryo culture to the blastocyst stage around day 5 or 6, and trophectoderm biopsy.
The embryology team removes a small group of cells from the embryo’s outer layer, not the inner cell mass that develops into the fetus. Embryos are usually vitrified while the laboratory analyses the sample.
| PGT type | What it examines | Planning point |
|---|---|---|
| PGT-A | Abnormal numbers of whole chromosomes | Selected after counselling |
| PGT-M | A known single-gene disorder | Case-specific test development |
| PGT-SR | Unbalanced chromosome content from a structural rearrangement | Requires parental chromosome history |
After testing, the clinic reviews the report with you and plans a frozen embryo transfer if an embryo is suitable. Compare a PGT testing centre in Mumbai by asking:
- Who performs the biopsy, where DNA analysis occurs, and whether samples or embryos are transported?
- How are samples labelled, tracked, stored and matched to each embryo?
- What is the laboratory’s actual turnaround time, and how long will PGT-M test development take?
- Does the quote include biopsy, vitrification, storage, testing, shipping, re-biopsy and frozen transfer?
- What is the interval from retrieval to results and transfer?
PGT-M preparation can take weeks or months. Complete or plan it before stimulation; it is not an instant generic test.
How should you interpret a PGT report before deciding on transfer?
A PGT report describes sampled cells, not a guaranteed future pregnancy. In preimplantation genetic testing in Mumbai or elsewhere, ask the clinic to translate every label before you decide which embryo to transfer.
- Euploid means the sample has the expected chromosome number. It does not guarantee implantation, an ongoing pregnancy, a live birth or a genetically unaffected child.
- Aneuploid means the sample has an abnormal chromosome number. The report should name the chromosome involved.
- Mosaic means genetically different cell lines were found. It is not automatically normal or abnormal; ask for the chromosome and mosaic level, then discuss transfer policy and uncertainty with a genetic counsellor and physician.
- Segmental abnormality means a piece of a chromosome is missing or duplicated. Ask whether the finding is considered transferable under the centre’s policy.
- No-result or inconclusive means the sample did not provide a usable answer. Ask whether the centre repeats testing, offers re-biopsy, and what each option costs.
Biopsy samples trophectoderm cells from the embryo’s outer layer, which contributes to placental tissue, rather than the entire future fetus. PGT-M and PGT-SR also address only the specified condition or rearrangement.
After a PGT pregnancy, discuss confirmatory prenatal diagnosis through chorionic villus sampling or amniocentesis, alongside routine prenatal care and screening.
How can you check a Mumbai fertility centre and genetics laboratory?
A credible provider should show how its clinic, laboratory and embryo records connect; “PGT available” is not evidence of test quality. Use this checklist for PGT in Mumbai:
1. Ask whether the ART clinic is registered under India’s Assisted Reproductive Technology (Regulation) Act, 2021. Request the registration details, not a verbal assurance.
2. Verify whether the associated or contracted genetics laboratory holds NABL accreditation to ISO 15189. Check the accreditation scope: it must specifically include the molecular or cytogenetic work used for PGT. General laboratory accreditation does not prove that PGT is covered.
3. Request written answers identifying who performs the trophectoderm biopsy, where DNA analysis occurs, how samples are labelled and tracked, and whether embryos or biopsy samples leave the facility. Ask where embryos are stored during testing and transport, and what safeguards protect them.
4. Ask how the laboratory handles an inconclusive or no-result sample, including whether re-biopsy is possible and what it costs. Confirm who reviews mosaic findings and how that review affects transfer decisions.
5. Compare these documents for a PGT fertility clinic in Wadala or elsewhere in Mumbai. Delight Women's Hospital 9321132638 may be included, but apply the same checks for registration, laboratory scope, reporting and outcomes rather than treating a service listing as proof.
6. Reject advertisements offering boy-or-girl embryo selection. Non-medical sex selection before or after conception is prohibited under India’s PCPNDT Act, making such advertising a serious warning sign.
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What total cost, embryo yield and outcome data should you compare?
A low PGT fee is not a low total cost if medicines, biopsy or transfer appear on a second invoice. Ask a PGT testing centre in Mumbai for one written estimate covering:
- Genetic counselling, IVF medicines and procedures, biopsy, vitrification, storage and laboratory analysis
- PGT-M test development, shipping, re-biopsy after an inconclusive result, thawing and frozen embryo transfer
- Storage duration, renewal charges and the cost if no embryo is suitable for transfer
Request a stage-by-stage forecast, not only the number of eggs collected.
| Stage | Ask for |
|---|---|
| Retrieved oocytes | Number collected at retrieval |
| Mature oocytes | Number suitable for fertilisation |
| Fertilised eggs | Number showing normal fertilisation |
| Blastocysts | Number reaching day 5 or 6 |
| Successfully tested embryos | Number with a usable result |
| Expected transfer options | Number expected to be suitable for transfer |
Each stage reduces the number available; the final number can be small or zero. A high fertilisation rate does not guarantee a transferable embryo.
Compare outcome data for patients matching your age, diagnosis, embryo number and PGT indication, not an overall pregnancy percentage. Ask about biopsy success, laboratory turnaround time, frozen-transfer timing, storage policy, cumulative live-birth reporting and mosaic-embryo decisions.
For PGT in Mumbai, weigh medical fit, clear data, laboratory accountability and total cost. No centre can guarantee a healthy pregnancy.
Frequently asked questions
Which type of PGT fits my medical history?
PGT-A evaluates embryo chromosome number, PGT-M targets a known single-gene condition, and PGT-SR assesses structural chromosome rearrangements. Your diagnosis, family history and genetic test results determine which test is relevant.
What happens from genetic counselling to frozen embryo transfer?
The process includes genetic counselling, IVF, embryo biopsy, laboratory testing, embryo freezing, result review and a later frozen embryo transfer when the clinical team confirms readiness.
How should I interpret a PGT report before deciding on transfer?
Ask whether each embryo is euploid, aneuploid, mosaic or inconclusive, what test was performed, whether re-biopsy is possible, and how the result affects transfer planning.
How can I check a Mumbai fertility centre and genetics laboratory?
Verify the centre’s clinical team, laboratory partnership, sample identification controls, embryo-freezing process, reporting format and pathway for resolving inconclusive or damaged samples.
What cost, embryo yield and outcome data should I compare?
Compare itemised IVF, biopsy, testing, freezing, storage and transfer fees, then ask how many embryos reached biopsy and usable results. Request outcome data with the denominator, patient age range and transfer type clearly stated.
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